Duration: 100 hours (nominal duration
COURSE AIMS
Explain and describe:
physical components of mammals and other animals, including cells and tissues.
nature of animals in the primary production industry, with specific reference to your locality.
digestive system of more than one type of animal, in terms of both structure and function.
circulatory system of animals, in terms of both structure and function.
urinary system of animals, in terms of both structure and function.
nervous system of animals, in terms of both structure and function.
respiratory system of animals, in terms of both structure and function.
reproductive system of animals, including structure and function.
muscular system in animals, including the structure and function of muscles, and meat quality.
skeletal system of a typical mammal, in terms of both structure and function.
biological mechanisms underlying the growth and development of animals.
endocrine system of animals, in terms of both structure and function.
differences between different types of animals, in terms of both structure and function.
COURSE STRUCTURE
The eleven lessons in this unit are:
1. Introduction, cells and tissues
2. The Digestive System
3. The Circulatory System
4. The Urinary System
5. The Nervous System
6. Respiration
7. The Reproductive System
8. Muscles and Meat
9. The Skeleton
10. Animal Growth, Development and the Endocrine System
11. Comparing Different Animals.
WHAT YOU WILL DO IN THIS COURSE
Identify parts of an animal cell on an unlabelled diagram.
Describe the cell functions for three different types of cells in animals.
Differentiate between the cellular composition, using illustrations, of animal tissues.
Explain the functions of four different animal tissue types.
Describe the processes of nutrient and waste exchange in animal cells.
Compare the digestive systems of different farm animals.
Describe the action of enzymes and micro-organisms in animal digestion.
Explain the role of accessory organs, including the liver and the pancreas.
Explain the components of blood in animals.
Explain the structure of an artery by illustrating and labelling a diagram of it' five layers.
Distinguish the characteristics of the various types of blood vessels in animals.
Explain the role of the lymphatic system in a specified farm animal.
Dissect an animal heart, and identify the parts of the heart on a photograph or the dissection.
Explain the role of the urinary system farm animals, including comments on urinary malfunction.
Describe the operation of the various parts of the urinary system, in a specified farm animal.
Describe the different components of the nervous systems of animals.
Explain the function of the autonomic nervous system in an animal.
Describe, using labelled illustrations and a report, the structure of the sensory organs.
Describe components of the respiratory system of animals.
Explain the means by which the respiratory system functions in animals.
Describe the process of gaseous exchange between the alveolus and capillaries.
Explain the means by which the rate of breathing is controlled in animals.
Describe the function of each of the components of the male reproductive system.
Explain the physiological processes in the male reproductive system.
Explain the different fertility problems occurring in a chosen male farm animal species.
Describe the function of components of the female reproductive system.
Explain various fertility problems in a chosen female farm animal species.
Explain two different 'difficult birth' conditions encountered in farm animals.
Label different skeletal parts on a series of unlabelled diagrams.
Describe the anatomy of a typical long bone in animals.
Explain how bone is formed in an animal.
Explain the operation of a freely moving skeletal joint, in an animal.
Differentiate, using illustrations, between types of bone fractures in farm animals, including simple breaks and compound fractures.
Explain the cellular processes of growth and development of specified animal species.
Describe prenatal and postnatal growth processes in a specified farm animal.
List the factors which influence the size of newborn animals.
List the components of the endocrine system in a chosen animal species.
Distinguish between different endocrine glands, for the specified animal, by location, appearance and function.
Describe hormones found in farm animals, including for each their source sites of activity.
Distinguish between the photographs of different muscle types, including smooth muscle cardiac muscle striated muscle.
Compare the function of the different types of muscle.
Explain the relationship between meat quality and muscle development.
Identify, on unlabelled illustrations, the cuts and joints of meat derived from sheep, cattle and pigs.
Prepare a table/chart showing characteristics that distinguish mammals from poultry, fish, crustaceans (e.g. yabbies) in terms of each of the main regulatory systems.
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Develop a sound foundation knowledge of animal anatomy and physiology, as a basis to understanding care and/or management of animals in domesticated or wild situations.
